无损扩展Linux逻辑卷和文件系统
5
2023-03-21
拓展LVM逻辑卷
太久太久没有操作逻辑卷相关的内容了，今天正好遇到本地一台虚拟机拓展了系统盘大小，记录一下。 数据盘/dev/sda原有容量20GB，分区/dev/sda3为例，将数据盘容量扩大至50GB，将新增的30GB划分至已有的MBR分区/dev/sda3内。
扩容容量划分至原有分区
查看内核版本
当内核版本高于3.6.0时（例如Linux CentOS 7.5 64位系统），不需要重启实例即可完成扩容。$ uname -r 5.11.12-300.el7.aarch64
查看拓展后的系统盘大小
$ fdisk -l | awk 'NR==2' Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
查看根分区文件系统
$ df -Th | grep root | awk '{print $2}'
xfs
$ df -Th | grep root
/dev/mapper/cl_7-root xfs 17G 2.7G 14G 17% /
确认需要扩容的分区编号
$ fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk label type: gpt Disk identifier: FBDC4E7D-DE0C-4BEC-B6A3-7B075CDF688A # Start End Size Type Name 1 2048 1230847 600M EFI System EFI System Partition 2 1230848 3327999 1G Linux filesyste 3 3328000 41940991 18.4G Linux LVM
查看分区表类型
Disk label type：gpt是GPT，dos是MBR
$ fdisk -l | grep label Disk label type: gpt
打印分区信息
parted -l
调整分区
fdisk /dev/sda
$ fdisk /dev/sda
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-3, default 3):
Partition 3 is deleted
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3):
First sector (34-104857566, default 3328000):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (3328000-104857566, default 104857566):
Created partition 3
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: FBDC4E7D-DE0C-4BEC-B6A3-7B075CDF688A
# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 1230847 600M EFI System EFI System Partition
2 1230848 3327999 1G Linux filesyste
3 3328000 104857566 48.4G Linux filesyste
检查分区情况
$ fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk label type: gpt Disk identifier: FBDC4E7D-DE0C-4BEC-B6A3-7B075CDF688A # Start End Size Type Name 1 2048 1230847 600M EFI System EFI System Partition 2 1230848 3327999 1G Linux filesyste 3 3328000 104857566 48.4G Linux filesyste
更新内核记录
partprobe是一个用于重新读取系统分区表信息的命令，以便内核可以实时更新分区信息。在对磁盘进行分区或调整分区大小等更改后，必须运行partprobe命令才能使操作系统重新读取磁盘分区信息。
# 默认更新所有分区，也可加上需要更新的分区。 partprobe
XXX
$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk ├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─sda3 8:3 0 48.4G 0 part │ ├─cl_7-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] │ └─cl_7-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm / └─sda1 8:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
检查拓展前的信息
# 查看拓展前的VG卷组大小 $ vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree cl_7 1 2 0 wz--n- 18.41g 0 # 查看拓展前的PV大小 $ pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda3 cl_7 lvm2 a-- 18.41g 0
拓展物理卷PV
$ pvresize /dev/sda3 Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed 1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized # 查看拓展后的PV剩余空间 $ pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda3 cl_7 lvm2 a-- 48.41g 30.00g
扩展逻辑卷LV
lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/cl_7-root
查看拓展后的信息
$ pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda3 cl_7 lvm2 a-- 48.41g 0 $ lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert root cl_7 -wi-ao---- 46.41g swap cl_7 -wi-ao---- 2.00g
拓展文件系统
xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/cl_7-root
最后检查
$ df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs devtmpfs 472M 0 472M 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 484M 0 484M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 484M 6.6M 477M 2% /run tmpfs tmpfs 484M 0 484M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/cl_7-root xfs 47G 2.9G 44G 7% / /dev/sda2 xfs 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot /dev/sda1 vfat 599M 9.0M 590M 2% /boot/efi tmpfs tmpfs 97M 0 97M 0% /run/user/0
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